Baraarugga Bulshada: gadoodka ardayda dugsiyada sare ee Somaliland

Baraarugga Bulshada: gadoodka ardayda dugsiyada sare ee Soomaaliland

Bani aadanku marka uu maslaxaddiisa iyo nolosha midaysa I su bahaysto, xaqudirirnimo ayaa ka dhalata. Dunida loollanka xaqa iyo xaq darrada ka dhexeeyaa waa mid joogto ah. Siyaalo badan baa xaqa loo gu halgamaa, loo raadsadaa oo loo gu diriraa. Gadoodka iyo dibadbaxyadu waxay ka mid yihiin hababka loo muujiyo dareennada, la gu diidmo tacaddiyada iyo dulmiga, la gu na sameeyo isbeddelada. Dibadbax oo dhami wuxuu tilmaamayaa wacyi korranaan, waa na astaan jiritaan dhab ah u taagan.

Qaabka, habka ama hannaanka ay u fulaan waayaha iyo waaqica hadba jira ayaa qaabeeya dibadbaxyada iyo gadoodyada ardayda iyo xoogsata. Sababtaas bay qaarna kuwo silmi ah u noqdaan, kuwo kale na gadood cadho ururtay shidayso u noqdaan. Adeegsiga cunfiga iyo burburintu waxay summad u yihiin ciilka jira ee ma aha astaan dibusocodnimo. Si kale haddii aan u idhaahdo bani aadanku marka uu dulmi is biirsaday  la gadoodo waxa uu waxay cadhadooda ku muujiyaan in ay gacanta u la tagaan dhismayaasha iyo gaadiidka lagu soo karkariyo dulmigan ay tirsanayaan.

Taariikhda dhow ee bani aadanku waxay ina baraysaa in ardayda iyo xoogsatadu kolka ay ururaan oo midoobaan ay gilgili karaan nidaam kasta oo wax la ga tirsado. Sannadkii 1968dii dibadbaxyada ardaydu hormuudka ka ahaayeen waxay badi isaga tallaabeen qaaradaha bani aadanku ku nool yihiin. Dibadbaxyadaa qaar guulaystay oo ardaydu ka gaadhay ujeeddooyinkoodii iyo kuwo aan guulaysan ba way lee yihiin. Balse, xataa kuwa aan la gu xaqiijin ujeeddooyinkii la rabay waxay dhigeen cashar ah in dadku aanay addoomo noqon e wax diidi karaan. Kacdoonnadii ardaydu hoggaaminaysay ee dunida gilgilay sannadkaa 1968 iyo wixii ka danbeeyay waxaa ka mid ahaa:

·  Bishii March ee sannadkaa kun arday oo ka tirsanaa jaamacadda Howard University ayaa la wareegay xafiisyadii maamulka. Waxay dalbadeen: 1) in uu is casilo guddoomiyaha jaamacaddu, 2) in manhajka waxbarashada taariikhda iyo dhaqanka afrikaanka xaqooda la ga siiyo, 3) in la sameeyo garsoor ardayda ah, iyo 4) in la joojiyo dacwadaha arday ku lug lahaa dibadbaxyo hore oo jaamacadda dhiganayay. Waxay ku guulaysteen in dalabyadii laba ka mid ah (3aad iyo 4aad) la ga oggolaado.

·       Isla wakhtigaa arday dhiganaysay jaamacadda Columbia University ayaa iyaguna isticmaalay xeeladdii ardayda jaamacadda Howard University. Waxay qabsadeen dhismayaal jaamacadda ka tirsan.

·       Dhacdada taariikhda ku gashay "May 68" waxay ahayd bannaanbaxyo dalka Faransiiska gilgilay oo ardaydu bilawday xooggiisana lahayd, ku na qasbay in cabashada qaran si dhab ah loo eego. Labaatan kun oo dibadbaxe ayaa magaalooyinka Warsaw iyo Paris kala xidhay. Dalka Faransiiska waxay gaadhay in macallimiintii iyo ururradii shaqaaluhu shaqo joojin 24 saacadood ah sameeyaan oo ay ku taageerayaan dibadbaxyada ardayda.

·       1, Mar, sannadkii 1970kii arday dhiganaysay jaamacadda Kent State University ee dalka Maraykanka ayaa dibadbaxyo ay ka ga soo horjeedaan dagaalka Fiitnaam isu rogay gacan ka hadal ardayda iyo ciidamada dhex mara. Xaalad degdeg bay kalliftay in dawladdu ku soo rogto gobolka Ohio. Markii danbena waxay gaadhay in dhammaan kulliyadihii waxbarashada ee dalka oo dhan la xidho iyadoo kacdoonka ardaydu in uu dalka oo dhan ka kaco la ga baqayay.

·       Bishii Juun 16, 1976, Koonfur Afrika waxa ceeryoomiyay kacdoon ardayda madoobi hoggaaminaysay oo loo bixiyay "Kacdoonkii Soweeto (Soweto uprising), kaas oo qayb laxaad leh ka qaatay culayskii fuulayay taliskii midabtakoorka ee dalkaa ka jiray. Kacdoonkii ardaydu Koonfur Afrika ka bilowday wuxuu kiciyay ardaydii goobaha waxbarashada ee dalka Maraykanka la ga soo bilaabo jaamacadda Columbia illaa jaamacadd Kalifoorniya. Ardayda Maraykanku waxay ku qasbdeen dawladda in ay kala baxaan balaayiin doollar oo maalgashi ah shirkadaha ku xidhan Koonfur Afrika. Sidaas baa midabtakoorkii Koonfur Afrika la gu burburiyay.

·       Sannadkii 1989kii waxa Shiinaha ruxay debadbaxyadii Fagaaraha Tiananmen (The Tiananmen Square protests) oo ardaydu isbeddel dimuquraadiyaddeed ku rabtay.

·       Kacaankii Velvet, 1989, wuxuu bilaabmay siddeed maalmood ka dib markii uu dumay derbigii Baarliin, kacdoon ardaydu hormuud ka ahayd oo ay ku burburinayeen derbiga dhankooda ayaa dalka Czechoslovakia ka bilowday. Kacdoonku wuxuu gaadhay in Prague ay isku shubaan 500,000 oo kacdoonka qayb ka ahi. Taariikhda dhaw ee kacdoonnadii dunida wuxuu ahaa kacdoonkii u gu qalalaasaha, rabahadaha iyo dhibaatada yaraa. Wuxuu ahaa kacaan aan caadi ahayn – “degdeg ah, gebi ahaan ba aan rabshad lahayn, farxad iyo qosol leh," ayuu yidhi qoraa Timothy Garten Ash – guushiisu na waxay noqotay mid ka mid ah guulaha u gu dhakhsaha badan u gu na dhammayska tiran dhaqdhaqaaqyada ardaygu gadhwadeenka ka ahaayeen.

·       Dalka Iiraan ciidamo booliis ah ayaa sannadkii 1999kii habeen madaw u dhacay guri ku yaallay jaamacadda Tehran. 20 arday bay ku dhaawaceen, 125 kale na xabsigay dhigeen. Dhacdadaasi waxay kicisay ardaydii dalka. In ka badan tiro la gu qiyaasay 10,000 oo arday ayaa isu gu soo baxay waddooyinka, kuwaas oo ku qasbay madaxweynihii wakhtigaa Mohammad Khatami iyo Ayatollah Ali Khamenei in ay garawshiiyo ka bixiyaan wixii dhacay. Dalka Iiraan oo illaa sannadkii 1979 ardayda dhaqdhaqaaq muujiya la gu gurayay xabsiyadu waxay soo afjarantay sannadkaa 1999ka.

·       Dhawaanna (2011 - 2013) waxa dalka Jili qabsaday bannaanbaxyo ay ardaydu ku dalbanaysay in wax-ka-beddel lagu sameeyo nidaamka waxbarasho, dhacdadaa oo la magacbaxday "Jiilaalkii Jili (The Chilean Winter)."

Gadoodka iyo dibaxyada ardayda dunida hormuudka ka ahaayeen soomaalidu saamigoodii kamay qadin. Been iyo hadaltire la doonayo in la gu ujeeddo weeciyo ardayda dugsiyada Hargeysa weeye in wixii ka dhacay dugsiyada Nuuradiin iyo Salaama ahaayeen wax ugub innagu ah. Hadalkaasi wuxuu dulmi ku yahay kuwii ku nafwaayay iyo ardaydii kale ee iyaga oo xaqa u hiilinaya, dulmigana ka dhiidhiyaya magaalada Hargeysa sannadkii 1982kii dhacdada taariikhda ku gashay "dhagaxtuurkii Hargeysa," ka dhigay. Dhacdadaasi waxay ka dhacday magaalada Hargeysa 20kii, Feb sannadkii 1982kii, gadoodkaas oo ardaydu ciidamadii rasaasta ridayay kala hor tageen dhagaxaan. Eebbe ha u naxariistee gabyaagii weynaa ee Qaasim baa isaga oo ka gabyaya tallabadii ardaydu qaadday wuxuu yidhi:

“Da’ada naga yareey waxaad fasheen, waan ku diirsadeye,

Deymoonnay baallaha, sidii duul baraarugaye,
Alleh ha idin daayee xilbaad, naga dul qaadeen.”

Maalinnimadii Arbacada, Mar. 03, 2021 iyo arbacadii taa xigtay, Mar. 10, 2021, ardayda dugsiga Nuuraddiin iyo dugsiga Salaama oo aan ardaydii u gu horraysay ee dugsigaa la gu furo ka mid ahaa, ku wada gedoodday iyadoon, sida muuqata, wada tashani waxay ina tuseen cududda ururnimada. Waxay ku xidhiidh lee yihiin kuwii ee qayrkood nidaamyada ka ga soo sameeyeen isbeddelka ee xaqudirirka ahaa. Waxay ku taxmayaan gadoodyadii ardaydu daafaha dunida ka ga gaddoodi jireen nidaamyada la gu hago goobaha waxbarasho, qaarkood ku dalban jireen isbeddello la gu sameeyo nidaamyada waxbaridda, qaar kale ku diidi jireen maamulayaal kelitalisyo ah.

Dibadbaxyada iyo gadoodka dadku sameeyaan waxa ay mar walba ka bilaabmaan qof la dulmiyay dabadeed qofaf kale u istaageen u hadalkiisa iyo u hiilintiisa, illaa ay heer kumannaan qof ah gaadhaan. Dhammaan kacdoonnada iyo gadoodyada dunida ka dhacay bilowga hore waa wax iska jira in dadku aanay ku wada baraarugin muhiimadda ay lee yihiin. Dadka badan ee dhalinyaradaa xuquuqdooda iyo tacaddiga la gu hayo ka kacay ka gadooday dhaliilaya wax weyn ma aha oo waa soo jireen in bani aadanku cid kasta oo xaqudirir ah oo isbeddel raadinaysa ka soo horjeestaa. 

Muhiimaddu waa in bulshada la ga helo bulsho dulmiga, tacaddiga, cabudhinta iyo kelitalisnimada ka kici karta, gaar ahaanna goobaha waxbarashadu in ay noqdaan goobo waxna la diidi karo waxna la yeeli karo.n

Tixraac:

1.      The social psychology of protest, why people protest? By Jacquelien van Stekelenburg and Bert klandermans.

2.      https://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/history-of-student-protests

3.      Holocaust Resistance: The White Rose: A Lesson in Dissent. Jewish Virtual Library.

4.      Hong Kong’s Umbrella Movement: A Timeline of Key Events One Year On. Australian Broadcasting Corporation.

5.      Hong Kong’s ‘Umbrella Revolution’ Opens Wide. USA Today.

6.      Kent State Shootings. Ohio History Central.

7.      Soweto Student Uprising. Michigan State University: Overcoming Apartheid.

8.      The White Rose. Holocaust Research Project.

9.      Tiananmen Square Fast Facts. CNN.

10.  Tiananmen Square Protests of 1969. New World Encyclopedia.

11.  The June 16 Soweto Youth Uprising. SAHO.

12.  The Velvet Revolution: A Peaceful End to Communism in Czechoslovakia. Tavaana.